With back pain complaints, patients turn to doctors almost more often than with a cold.The discomfort in the lumbar column can be a symptom of various diseases, but in 80% of cases, doctors diagnosed: osteochondrosis.Both men and women aged 30 to 50 and the more they are in front of him.Recently, osteochondrosis is diagnosed in patients under the age of 25.Prevention, symptoms and treatment of this disease will be analyzed in detail in this article.
Previously it was believed that osteochondosis was inevitability and disorders in the spine are caused by age -related changes.Modern medicine considers osteochondrosis as a disease that requires treatment and that can be prevented, therefore postponed for many years.
Causes
It is believed that, as such, the cause of lumbar osteochondrosis cannot be distinguished.The development of the disease triggers a series of factors, including distinguishing:
- A sedentary lifestyle.Working on the computer, the lack of physical exercises, avoiding excursions contributes to the fact that the back muscles are weakening and the load on the spine increases.
- Violation of the metabolism and the disease of the endocrine system.These processes worsen the nutrition of the spinal column tissues.
- Existing diseases of the musculoskeletal system:Flat feet, curvature of the spine.
- Excessive physical activity, in particular weight lifting.The risk area includes athletes engaged in heavy athletics, removals, work professions associated with the transport of goods.
- Wrong nutrition, excess weight, insufficient sleep, stress.
Degree of lumbar osteochondosis
Osteocondrosis develops gradually:
- In the first phase, the core of the pier inside the vertebral disc begins to change.Consequently, a person feels pain, since the nerve endings in the fibrous ring are tablets.Pain can be local and acute, like a shutter or long and stupid.
- The second stage begins with the destruction of the fibrous ring.The vertebrae become unstable, furniture, they cannot fully fulfill their function.The muscles surrounding the spine are in continuous tension.Patients try fatigue, the ACHS back as after hard work.
- In the third phase of the development of osteochondrosis, the fibrous ring breaks, the nucleus of the jacket comes out and the hernia of the forms of the disc.At the moment, patients notice a severe back pain, limiting movements.This occurs due to the compression of the nerve roots with fragments that fall.
- The fourth stage of the disease brings imaginary relief: patients stop feeling painful pain, although motor activity is still limited.The question arises of disability.
- In the last phase of the osteocondrosis, bone tissue begins to grow pathologically.
Osteocondrosis cannot be considered frivolous diseases that require minimal intervention.In case of pain in the lumbar column, it is necessary to consult a doctor who will select the treatment according to the phase.
Symptoms of osteochondosis of the lumbar
The first symptom to which patients immediately pay attention to is pain.Its intensity depends on the stage of the disease, as well as on the degree of destruction of the intervertebral disc and cartilage tissues.
The nature of the pain is influenced by the presence of protrusion or hernia.The signs of lumbar osteochondrosis include:
- Pain syndrome in the lumbar column.Patients complain about painful pain, which becomes acute with acute movements, as well as with a long body living room in a position.
- Often, a sense of weakness or fatigue in the legs, as well as the absence of reflections of the leg tendon, combines pain.
- During a visual examination, a curvature of the spine in the lumbar region is observed.Osteochondrosis can be the result of scoliosis (bending the spine on the right or left, lordosis (when the spinal column bends forward) and cifosis (when, on the contrary, the natural curves are sanded).
- Sometimes the vertebrae block the spinal cord, therefore patients experience numbness of the lower ends, in rare cases, urination and unstressed feces occur.
Often lumbar osteochondosis is accompanied by the following symptoms:
- decrease in the temperature of the lower limbs, numbness of the lower body;
- dry skin in the lower back of the back, pallor of the skin;
- violation of sweating;
- Lack of control over urination.
Diagnostics
Before making a diagnosis, the doctor discovers the nature of pain, collects an anamnesis, then Palpa the lumbar.In addition, the patient is sent to a series of procedures:
- X -raggi.The image shows the state of the spinal column, it is possible to evaluate the integrity of the intervertebral discs, to detect the presence of hernias and protrusions.
- Tomography.It also gives an idea of the condition of the intervertebral discs and also helps to find out if there is damage to the brain shell.
- Mri.A particularly accurate study is used to clarify the diagnosis and details of the general picture of the disease.
Timely diagnosis is the key to successful treatment and the slightest destruction of the spine.
Complications
It is not possible to treat the lumbar osteochondosis frivolous.This common disease can be accompanied by complications that influence the quality of life.The most frequent followers of osteochondrosis are:
- protrusion and hernias;
- Inflammation of the sciatic nerve;
- osteophytes;
- spondylartosis;
- stenosis of the spinal canal with compression, which leads to a violation of the spinal cord;
- zoppa;
- Parents of the lower limbs.
Treatment of the osteocondrosis of the lumbar column
It is impossible to completely treat osteochondrosis, but doctors are able to stop the development of the disease, eliminate pain and restore motor activity.Patients are prescribed a complete treatment, which begins with a change in lifestyle: balanced nutrition, eight -hour sleep, physical activity (classes of home physiotherapy exercises and in specialized centers), moreover, the selection of the right place to sleep.
If the patient spends more than three hours a day, sitting at the table, it is necessary to change the position of the body every 40 minutes: take a walk, take different inclinations.
To reduce pain syndrome, medicines, massage, physiotherapy and spinal traction are used.Consequently, all manipulations are aimed at:
- Encouraging effects.
- Elimination of acute pain.
- Strengthen the muscles (using charging and massage).
- Improve blood circulation.
- Restoration of sensitivity in the lower part of the body.
In rare cases, surgery is necessary for treatment.
Pharmacological treatment
For the treatment of osteocondrosis, drugs are used in the form of ointments, tablets and injections.All drugs are used to relieve pain and inflammatory process.Generally, patients are prescribed:
- Non steroidal anti -inflammatory regulations - diclofenac, ibuprofen and analogous.
- Analgesics.
- Condroprotectors.Prevent the further destruction of the cartilage tissue.
- Corticosteroids.
- Music to remove muscle spasm.
- Vitamins.
Musroxanti and antidepressants who are prescribed to relieve spasm should be taken under the rigorous supervision of a doctor.
How is lumbar osteochondosis with physiotherapy?
Patients often ask the question: is it possible to take care of only lumbar osteochondrosis?As a rule, the drugs are removed only by pain, but physiotherapy arrests the cause of pain: the destruction of intervertebral discs stimulates metabolic processes and prevents the further development of the disease.In the fight against osteochondrosis, they use:
- sounds;
- darsonvalition;
- Diadinamic current;
- magnetic resonance therapy;
- laser;
- AMPRIMULS.
The massage is not prescribed during an exacerbation, only when a strong attack of pain is removed or during the period of remission in the chronic course of the disease.In addition to the manual exposure, doctors advise to visit the sauna to warm up and relax the sick muscles, improve blood circulation.With the help of the massage, you can also stimulate blood circulation in the area affected by the disease, normalize the nutrition of tissues, relax the muscles and return the displaced vertebrae to position.
Therapeutic gymnastics
No ointment and massage are able to return mobility since the physical education of physiotherapy can return the spine.An active lifestyle, saving sports, stop the development of osteocondrosis and restore the amplitude of the movements.In the initial stages of the disease, there are practically no restrictions on sport.In more serious cases, it is necessary to start with special therapeutic exercises.Lessons should be performed regularly, the load will gradually increase.
First of all, each movement can hurt, but this is not a reason to stop the treatment.Over time, the muscles will become stronger, the joints are more mobile.
It is not necessary to participate in the gym for this, the lessons at home will be effective.
Surgery
Typically, the treatment of lumbar osteochondrosis is carried out with conservative methods.Operations are requested in rare cases.
Surgery is needed in cases where drugs can no longer be influenced, for example, if there is an intervertebral hernia.The vertebra protrudes from the fibrous ring and presses on the nerve roots, causing unbearable pain to the patient.In such cases, an operation is required to remove the disc.Effective and less traumatic methods are considered microchirurgical and endoscopic interventions.
Popular remedies
Often with back pain, patients are trying to cope with the help of popular remedies.It should be remembered that before their use it should consult a doctor and use this treatment only as auxiliary therapy together with official medicine.Popular remedies are good for their availability, the main ingredients that everyone can find at home.
Recipes of popular remedies:
Homemade painkillers
To prepare the ointment, it is necessary to take 300 ml of alcohol, 10 drops of iodine, analgins in tablets, 10 drops of camphor.All components are mixed, while the tablets must be crushed into powder.The solution is applied to a sore point.You must be prepared for the fact that the camphor gives a slight burning sensation on the skin, which should pass within 7-10 minutes.
Compress from honey and potatoes
A grated raw potato is mixed with a small amount of honey.The resulting mass is applied to the sore point and tied with a cloth.Keep the picture for a maximum of two hours.
Anesthetic ointment with ginger
The grated or finely chopped garlic and the ginger is mixed with butter.Consistency should be like an ointment or a cream.
At night they rub the lower back to eliminate painful pain that prevents patients from falling asleep.
Baglie with herbs
Warm water with herbs relaxes the muscles, improves blood circulation, soothes pain and inflammation.
- To treat back pain, a decoction of birch leaves is used.A concentrated solution is added to a bathroom with water of about 40 degrees.The duration of the procedure is up to 30 minutes.
- The bathroom with brown leaves is well relaxed.The chestnut leaves on horseback are prepared with water, brought to a boil and insisted for about an hour.Then the resulting solution is added to the bathroom.The duration of this procedure is up to 20 minutes.
- The inflammatory and soothing effects are infusions of chamomile flowers.The pharmacy sells commissions ready - bags and dispersion.They must be prepared with hot water and insisted for 30-40 minutes.Add the solution finished to the bathroom.In such a bathroom you can spend up to 30 minutes.
- The bathrooms with the needles relax the muscles and soothe the lower part of the painful back, but are contraindicated in the allergies.The fir, pine or cedar needles must be poured with water and boiled for 15-20 minutes.Add the finished broth to a bathroom with hot water (about 45 degrees).The time of the procedure is up to 30 minutes.
Remember that the consultation of a doctor is required before taking a bath.Some herbs have contraindications.It should be remembered that hot baths are not shown to patients with cardiovascular diseases.Furthermore, you cannot be treated with bathrooms and other popular remedies such as a panacea of osteochondrosis.
In the fight against this disease, an integrated approach will help: a combination of an active lifestyle, correct nutrition, sport, medical care, physiotherapy and popular remedies will help to cope with lumbar osteochondosis.