Arthrosis -A disease that has many factors and correlated to the degenerative dystrophic damage to the joints. One of these is a violation of metabolic processes in the body. The development of the disease by arthrosis is associated with circulatory disorders in the capillaries of the layers of the periosteum and, consequently, a violation of the nutrition of the tissue of the cartilage of the joint. At the same time, the structure of the cartilage itself is changing and becomes thinner, becoming less elastic, even the smoothness of the surface of the joint decreases. A decrease in the quality of the cables of the cartilage cables, in turn, to a significant reduction in the volume of the synovial fluid and a deterioration of the lubrication of the affected articulation.
The folk name of the disease for arthrosis is the "deposition of salts", which is not true, since in the event of the disease of osteoarthritis, the cartridge and the joint capsules are destroyed, which involves an increase in the load on the affected articulation and, consequently, the deformation of the bone. As a result of all this, a crunch appears in the articulation, often accompanied by pain, since osteophytes (bone peaks) are formed along the edges of the joint surface - hence the folk name of the disease from arthrosis.
The arthrosis, as a rule, mainly affects the elderly. Inexorable statistics indicate that over 30% of people over the age of sixty years and about half, at the age of over seventy years, gets arthrosis.
Although this disease is based on the injury of the cartilage of the joint, the process of the disease also affects in nearby tissues: the synovial membrane, the periarticular muscles, the internal layers of the joint bag, the bone structures and the links.
Symptoms of arthrosis
The arthrosis of the disease is symptomatic, first of all, the occurrence of severe night pain during a change in the body or in other movements. Pain, at rest with arthrosis, usually does not appear. One of the symptoms of arthrosis can be considered a characteristic crunch in the joints with pain. Furthermore, often, arthrosis is characterized by an excessively pronounced weather sensitivity of the sick - the manifestation of pain according to the changes of the time.
Basically, arthrosis affects the articulation of the hip and knee. A little less often: it affects the joints of the fingers on the arms and legs, as well as on the artery joint. In the initial phase of the disease, the common symptoms of arthrosis are short -term pains and weak that do not have a clear location and intensify during physical activity. There is a poor mobility of the joint, after a state of rest, and the feeling of growing discomfort. With the development of arthritis, the clinical picture can deteriorate and over time the pain becomes more pronounced, the characteristic creak of the joint acquires a constant character and the ever -growing pain leads to the muscle spasm related to the limitation of the amplitude of the movements in the articulation concerned. In the subsequent stages of arthrosis, with damage to the joints of the lower limbs, the lame appears and the patient must use crutches or rod.
Osteoarthritis phase
In accordance with a classification based on radiological characteristics, four phases of arthrosis development are distinguished:
- I graduates - Dubbish arthrosis: The pain is not almost felt, it manifests itself periodically and only at the beginning of the movement and quickly passes with its beginning. In the joint, there is a slight limited movement after a rest of rest, passing rapidly with the beginning of the movement. At the beginning of the folding in the joint there is a pronounced crunch, but without pain, so patients rarely reach a specialist to ask for help.
- II degree - Soft arthrosis: It is characterized by an increase in pain after a great physical effort: they become more acute and longer. The cartilage fabrics in the joint begin to lose their amortization qualities, osteophytes (bone peaks) are evident in X -rays and the joint gap is reduced. The patient cannot already do some work and his ability to work is reduced. At this stage, the patient is usually already looking for a doctor.
- III degree - Moderate arthrosis: It is characterized by its gravity and abandonment of osteoarthritis. An increase in the accumulation of fluid in the joint cavity and the subsequent growth of the bone tissue, consequently, involves the deformation of the articulation itself. The patient is tormented by pain even at rest due to spasm near the muscle joint, while a decrease in motor width is observed. The minimum load on the joint causes suffering to the patient.
- Grade IV - HIRCHOUS SERIOUS: It is characterized by a significant narrowing of the joint gap, of large osteophytes and irreversible bone deformations. The patient can no longer move and only the implantation of the artificial joint prosthesis can help to avoid disability through surgery.
The causes of osteoarthritis
Arthosis is a consequence of the compromised functions of the cartilage tissue due to the changes in its structure. The cartilage fabric of the joint is softened and is attached, while in the joint, which transports the load, the ulcers begin to form.
The occurrence of the disease from arthrosis is divided into two methods:
- Primary Arthosis (idiopathic) occurs without visible causes. They can be, as hereditary factors: genetic disorders in the cartilage, congenital defects of the musculoskeletal system, as well as others, in some way: hyper -lengths of the joints, flat feet and so on.
- Secondary Arthosis is caused by the development of pathological processes: congenital disturbances of joints, injuries, metabolic disorders, a series of endocrine diseases, specific and non -specific and specific inflammations.
Treatment of osteoarthritis
An effective treatment of osteoarthritis is possible only in a complete way and must be carried out after consultations with a specialist. The main phases of the treatment of arthrosis include:
- Anesthesia taking analgesics.
- Removal of inflammation with anti -inflammatory drugs.
- The restoration of the cartilage fabric of the joint with the help of drugs containing in their composition of drugs selected individually by the course for several months.
In combination with these three stadiums, physiotrosis is an integral part of the treatment of osteoarthritis: magnetotherapy for arthrosis, electrophoresis, acupuncture and massage. It is not important, at the same time, and respect for a correctly selected diet.
Prevention of osteoarthritis
For the prevention of arthrosis, it is necessary to minimize the static load on the joints. The constant use of high wheel shoes should be avoided. It is not advisable to sit in the position "Put your leg on the leg". More often, the provisions of the session and position should be alternated. If there is an excess weight, then you have to get rid of it. The best diet for foam prevention is food food with a predominance of carbohydrates, vegetables, fruit, limiting the intake of proteins and calcium. Try to avoid weight lifting. In summer, organize a "holiday" to the joints: swim as much as possible!